Working correctly on the lathe
To achieve a successful turning result, not only are the right tools and materials an important prerequisite, but elementary points must also be taken into account when operating the machine.
How to operate your lathe correctly
1 Correct tooth flank clearance of the change gears
To avoid incorrect backlash, you should consider the following:
If the backlash is too small, the gears will wear down more and become damaged. However, if the backlash is too large, the gears may not be able to grip properly, may slip and will also be damaged or wear out.
You can carry out a paper strip test to set the backlash correctly. This involves placing a narrow strip of paper on the side of the two pinions and then spinning them. If the tooth flank clearance is correct, the strip will look like an accordion (image). If the play is too small, the strip cannot be turned easily or may even tear. If there is too much play, the paper will only have blurred bending edges.
2. shifting speed/gears
The speed/gears on geared machines should only be shifted when the machine is at a standstill, as otherwise the machine's gearbox may be damaged.
3 Changing the direction of rotation
On lathes with Vario drive or frequency-controlled machines, the direction of rotation must not be changed under load, unless this is mapped in the control system. This means that the machine should "coast". Otherwise, this can lead to damage to the machine's electronic components.
4. mounting the jaw chuck
When assembling the jaw chuck, it is essential to pay attention to the 0 markings, as otherwise concentricity deviations may occur on the chuck.
5 Aligning the tailstock
Ensure that the tailstock is correctly aligned again after adjustment (e.g. after taper turning), as otherwise the turned parts could become conical.
1. setting the correct speed
An incorrect speed, feed rate or cutting speed causes the turning tools to wear more quickly and can result in a poorer surface finish.
2 Aligning the turning tools
Make sure that your turning tools are aligned with the turning centre. If this is not the case, the tools could break or some residual material could remain in the centre (flat surface).
3 Cooling the workpiece
Also remember to cool the material to be processed. If the material is not cooled, it can become very hot, expand and harden (e.g. with stainless steel), resulting in a poorer surface finish. Your turning tools will also wear out more quickly.
4. grinding of the tools
If the brazed-on carbide plates, parting blades or HSS turning tools are incorrectly ground, chip removal/cutting is not guaranteed.
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